The 787 ushers in new ways of manufacturing airplanes. Building large sections of the airplane as single, integrated structures transforms the assembly line. Portable tools move assemblies into place without the need for overhead cranes. With fewer parts coming together in final assembly, there is less scrap and significantly less use of hazardous materials. Lean manufacturing improvements produce a more standard product and will ultimately allow Boeing to assemble a 787 in three days, compared to the several weeks required using conventional techniques.